On the selection and operation of hydronic radiant heating systems

To help you select the most appropriate heating system, we propose the following classification of individual houses and cottages:

•     Type A - one-story house with a basement and without a basement with a steep roof;
•     Type B - single-storey house with a flat roof to the basement or no basement;
•     Type B - two or more storied houses with a flat or a steep roof and a cellar.

For houses of type A is recommended to use hot water radiant heating systems only with vertical risers. Heating systems with horizontal can not be heated attic space with a steeply dipping roof. Hot-hydronic radiant heating system such homes with a basement or without desirable to perform two-pipe with natural circulation of the upper or lower wiring. When installing the boiler in the basement of the chimney height must be at least 10m. In homes without a basement boiler is installed on the first floor, and the system should only be wired from the top.

For homes with a basement of type B should apply hot hydronic radiant heating system with horizontal. The boiler is preferably set in the basement. Due to the fact that the chimney height of these houses are less than 6 meters, it is desirable to use as fuel gas or fuel oil.

For homes without basements of type B is also recommended for hot hydronic radiant heating system with horizontal, set the pot is not recessed, and as a fuel it is desirable to use a gas or liquid fuel.

For the two-storey houses and a type B should be used PEX pipe systems with hydronic radiant heating riser and the top or bottom wiring. In horizontal heating system can not be fully warm all the rooms of the house. The heating system runs with natural circulation, since this is sufficient circulating pressure. Since the stack of these buildings have a minimum height of 10 m, the boilers can run on any fuel.

Hydronic radian heating system (on the chosen system to some extent depend on PEX tubing and wiring) are recommended for use in the homes of the respective types.

Polypropylene pipes and fittings

Although plastic pipes appeared on the Canada market relatively recently, only about 15 years ago, they are becoming more popular, gaining popularity at the expense of clear advantages over metal pipes, which were set before them.

There are several types of plastic pipes. The most popular are: polypropylene tube, followed by plastic, metal, PVC, PEX-AL-PEX and PEX pipe. To mount any type of pipe fittings and requires appropriate tools.

The superiority of plastic pipes including polypropylene, is in a range of properties: durability, cost, non-corrosion, the ability to stretch tubes without loss of quality, lack of reaction on contact with water, ease of installation, environmental protection, lack of sound during the operation of pipes.

A variety of waterproofing materials

Waterproof materials are designed to protect building structures from constant exposure to corrosive and wet areas, often under the pressure of the water. In this regard, the materials of this group must be distinguished by properties such as water resistance, water resistance, durability, and also meet the requirements of mechanical strength, deformation resist, chemical resistance, etc.

The application of waterproofing materials are manifold: it is internal and external protection of underground structures, waterproofing underwater, waterworks, dams, bridge supports, embankments, basins, reservoirs and ponds.

Waterproofing not only protects the surface to be protected from contact with water, but also provides, increases the resistance of building structures against corrosion.

Application of waterproofing materials began in ancient times. Another 4500-5000 years ago natural bitumen, resins used as binders, and waterproofing materials in the construction of Egyptian and Babylonian structures. And these days, artificial (often petroleum-bitumen), natural bitumen and materials from their use are one of the most used reliable waterproofing materials. However, serious competitors of bitumen materials are synthetic resins, polymers and materials based on them.

Waterproof materials are divided on the basis of physical appearance and in:

• mastic;
• powder and solutions;
• roller, leaf;
• film, polymer membrane;
• other species

Mastic sealing.

Mastic - a visco-plastic mass obtained by mixing organic binding agents with finely dispersed fillers and special additives, having bonding strength. According to its properties and technology of preparation of mastic little than differ from the adhesives, and only increased viscosity and a significant content of fillers serve as the basis for attributing such an adhesive composition to the category of mastics (adhesives, sealants and adhesives in this chapter are not considered)

How to choose good crimp tools for plumbing works.

Makita company was founded in 1915 by Mr. Masaburo Makita in the Japanese city of Nagoya. In the early years the company has been selling and repairing electric motors and transformers. In 1935. the company began to export electric motors and generators in USA.

To date, Makita range of over 1,000 items of tools

Company Makita is a leader in the development of construction tools.

More than 80 years, the company develops and manufactures tools for working with wood, concrete and other construction and industrial materials, as well as for horticulture and forestry.

Makita Corporation has 8 manufacturing plants, two of which are located in Europe, the UK and Germany.

Effective technical support plants to satisfy the various demands of consumers in all market segments and continually promote the brand Makita by expanding the product range.

The key to successful growth companies Makita is:
Tools
Constant adaptation to changing market requirements;
High quality products and service;
Improving the professional skills of employees, continuous professional development.

Crimp Tools Makita - needs no introduction. Makita logo, no product is not supplied for free. Every Crimp PEX Tools deserves this mark of quality in the ordeal. Crimp PEX Tools characteristic blue and blue seen on any construction site almost every home workshop is a good chance to find a tool Makita (or in the arsenal of utilities and emergency services).

Crimp PEX Tools quality is controlled from the design before the product sample to light. Makita firm uses its own standards more stringent than generally accepted. All this goes to the professional approach of Makita - company always provides a high class of products.
Tools

In a lot of emphasis on continual improvement of models - Makita power tool range is updated frequently. We should also mention the form of models produced by the instrument, is determined primarily by their purpose. With this Crimp Tools are extremely well-balanced, easy to handle at work.

Crimp PEX Tools and recognized professionals in USA, among the leaders of sales in the professional tools. Makita company offers an exceptional product that meets all the requirements of the market. The work the company has always focused on getting quality results and an adequate price of finished goods.

Design of PEX tubing heating system

Design of PEX tubing heating system - a process of technical documentation that defines the heat output and heat transfer, system design and heat supply station (boiler room), the diameters of heat, the size of heating devices and equipment parameters, the system cost and other technical and economic indicators.

The process of designing the heating system in full operation includes three stages of selection, design and calculation: the technical and economic calculations, design, working documentation. Often the various stages of design were combined. The design is based laid regulations: All-Russian (federal) and local (regional). (See design costs.)

Key documents for the design of heating:
- State standards (ASTM);
- Building regulations (SNIP)
- Building regulations (CH), technical specifications (TS), technical regulations (TA) or a set of rules (SP) - Construction equipment catalogs.

The initial data for the design of the PEX tubing heating system are:
- A source of heat;
- Purpose, planning and construction of the building;
- Technological design and mode of operation of premises;
- Location of the building at the construction site;
- Climatology areas.

Design the PEX tubing heating system consists of four main parts: the calculation of thermal power, choice, design and heat-hydraulic calculation.

Few additional resources:

http://pexpipe.xanga.com/

What kind of flooring you choose?

When repairing the apartment is very actual question of what kind of flooring to choose from. After all, the correct solution "sexual problem" depends on just how impressive it will look design solution throughout the apartment. It is not true that type of floor covering can spoil everything, and redo the floor often means - to remake the entire repair.

Therefore, we decided to help you sort out this issue, having considered all the popular types of floor coverings in different environments. Let's start from the beginning.
sex

Carpeting. There are two main types - carpets and floor coverings. Carpets have a fixed size, and tend to occupy not the whole floor surface.

Very impressive look designs, in which the classic interiors to the floor or putting expensive Persian carpets, Chinese handmade from natural materials (mostly wool or silk). Solutions, to put it mildly, is not cheap.
sex

If you decide to save money and buy a carpet factory near Moscow, it is important to pay attention to the picture. It should not be pretentious, or you may be like our grandmothers, who install rugs of this type on the wall.

If you really really want to put on the floor beside the bed rug, and in the pocket is not too loud ringing, then go to Ikea and buy a monotonous blanket of pure wool. Although he would not be evident.

Today, more common solution when choosing a carpet floor. Going even a mid-sized store, you will realize that the choice of carpeting today are more than rich. The main difference between a rich assortment, in addition to the color and size, is the material of which it is made.

If none of your family is allergic to wool, the wool carpeting on the basis of natural jute not only for many years will you please the eye but also retain the maximum warmth and comfort of home. But the series models of wool carpet is a significant drawback - they are all fairly similar and more conservative than the eye.

How to Buy Safe boiler

It is well known, the heating processes require constant surveillance here involved the coolant, which is heated to high temperature and pressure goes through the pipes, as well as different types of fuel to their individual physical and chemical characteristics. Uncontrolled heating system can be a source of danger. Its main factor is the fuel that is combustible, which is burned to produce heat. In accordance with the physical condition of the fuel divided by the solid, liquid and gaseous. By type of firm it is wood, peat, oil shale, and coal. By liquid - crude oil, petroleum products and fuel oil are different. For gas - natural and industrial gases blast, coke oven, generator, etc.


Boiler Expansion Tanks


Under any type of fuel developed specialized thermal generators (boilers) for heating systems, personal. Statistics show that the total volume used in our country, more than half the boilers are gas, and another third - on diesel fuel, about 10% - Electrical and about 5% - solid. Taking into account the fact that most of them operates on gas, but also that it is the most promising type of fuel, we analyze the composition and application of advanced automation control gas heat generators. That it offers a safe and reliable operation. Also in this article we consider the requirements for personal heating systems, working on gas equipment.

Hazards in use

Natural gas due to the low cost of the most beneficial for individual heating, because it has high consumer properties. But the physical and chemical properties of the fuel need of careful attention to fuel the organization process. Explosions of domestic gas, gas poisoning or its combustion products from excessive concentrations taken in closed spaces - all potential hazards

Insulation and vapor barrier roofing

Q: What is the insulation of the roof technology?

A: Thermal insulation, roof construction should be carried out in accordance with applicable building codes. On the roof of the attic is insulated from the cold attic ceiling only. At first, it settles on vapor barrier from vapor tight material (felt, asphalt, roofing felt, waterproofing, borulin, tectonic, steklogidroizol, etc.). Vapor barrier is placed on a layer of insulation.

By insulant usually arranged screed of cement-sand mortar with thickness of 20-30 mm, and it fit running boards.

Q: Is the roof insulated foam polystyrene plates?

Answer: There are many different technologies such warmth. Here is one: you first need to lay a vapor barrier layer (asphalt, n / o film) on it - polystyrene plate. From the top to make a cement-sand screed thickness from 30 to 50 mm. And, in conclusion, to make waterproof.

Q: Can I use for warming the attic floor cottage polystyrene plates?

A: Yes. At the pre-made in the space between the beams and vapor control layer should be laid slabs of expanded polystyrene. If the insulation is a two-layer, for better sealing of the joints should shift. The insulating layer is fixed or sliding fence filled clay pellets.

Q: How are stacked polystyrene plates on a sloping roof?

A: Plates should be inserted back to back. And to fill the rafters to create the thrust rods ventilated cavity between the insulation and roofing. Thermal insulation would be better if the plates laid in 2 layers with offset joints.

Q: Why do experts recommend warming the roof over the attic reflective thermal insulator?

A: Thermal insulation, roofing, tend to perform mineral wool insulation 150 mm thick, protected lower vapor barrier material, and the upper under-roof waterproofing. This combination of materials is well protected insulating layer, allowing him a long time to stay dry and safe.

But such insulation is not quite meet the modern requirements and needs to be enhanced thermal protective qualities. Building insulation leads to a massive increase, which is not always possible to design features of the roof. Especially as the traditional insulation layer stops only 85% of the energy loss through heat transfer and convection. The second layer of additional insulation stops only 12% that missed the first. After all, the traditional insulation follows the law to reduce - the more layers of insulation is applied, the less energy loss followed by constrained layer.

In such cases, irreplaceable reflective thermal insulator, for example, penofol.

Q: How does insulation roofing penofolom?

Answer: The material is installed inside the wooden elements of truss construction. To consolidate the use of construction stapler or small nails. Assembly joints and possible damage to the material glued aluminum duct tape to create a reliable vapor barrier system. Headliner performing lining, plasterboard or plastic panels. To achieve the greatest effect is necessary to provide a small air gap between the surface penofola covered with aluminum foil, and near the structure. This will ensure maximum results from the use of "heat mirror".

Question: What to do if on the flat roof is wetting and freezing insulation layer?

Answer: You need to correct a violation of vapor barrier. To do this, opened roofing over the damaged areas. Removable buckle and insulation layer. Dried damaged area and heat-insulating material. Corrected or okleechnoy obmazochnoy vapor barrier in accordance with the requirements of the project. Then reduced insulating layer, screed and roofing. Incisions roof membrane is sealed in 2 layers of strips of rolled material, overlapping them by 100 mm.

Q: Why is formed on the flat roof dents, creases and cracks over the joints of insulation boards?

Answer: There are many reasons:

shrinkage or swelling of the organic insulating material;

insulating foam deformation and other materials, arranged without the necessary exposure after fabrication;

damage to corners and edges insulating material;

vibration load-bearing structures of a flat cover, especially flooring, low flexural rigidity (boardwalk, decking boards made of chipboard).

To eliminate damage to the roof to clear the area at the site of formation of folds and fissures. Fill the gap insulating material. Fill the sand-cement mortar. Primary coated. Paste over the surface of rolled material. Smear the surface with hot asphalt cement and gravel.

Q: How can I fix through cracks in the layers of waterproofing carpet laid on the plate heat insulation?

Answer: The damage occurred because of slack water shutoff carpet because of the large gaps between the slabs of insulation, as well as oblique angles.

For the repair needed:

along the cracks of a width of 1 m free waterproofing carpet from the protective layer or coarse spreading;

bend for ease of layers of roofing material, located above the crack;

fill in the seams of the strips insulation;

stick bent layers of roofing materials;

on crack to put a strip of rolled material width 150 - 200 mm, and glue it to one side of the crack from the top layer of waterproofing mat;

produce a continuous three-label and on the roofs, filled with water four panels of roofing materials, so that each top panel overlaps the underlying and glued lap with the main water shutoff carpet for 100 - 150 mm on each side of the crack;

perform a protective layer or Paint coarse grit.

Q: As a result the soft roof of the air appear "bags" of more than 1 m in diameter?

A: This happens because of deficient vapor barrier. Water vapor along with heat flow rises and diffuses through the attic floor. If couples do not encounter obstacles in their path, they are cooled, condensed.

In winter, water-logged insulation material in conditions of frequent thaws repeatedly freezes and thaws. The presence of moisture in the thickness of insulation leads to the destruction of roof membrane, because at low temperatures under it collects moisture, which eventually turns into a block of ice. Freezing, the water pulls the carpet from the base of roof and increases the pores in the roofing material. In the summer, when the temperature of the outer surface of the roof 80 °, a drop of moisture, which is in a confined space turned into steam and can grow in volume by 15 - 40 times, so the formation of air pockets, which reach more than 1 m in diameter.

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=products_for_partners.showRoof

How to choice right nightclub?

It is a little hard to imagine the American way of life without bars. They have become an integral part of that term ‘American Culture’. Most people hang out in such places on a Friday night or a Saturday night with their friends and celebrate the week gone by and also the weekend that is about to dawn. People patronize bars to such an extent that some bars have come to be known as exclusive to a particular section of the community. For instance there are Canadian bars which play music from Canada and have their flags hanging on the walls. Some bars are exclusive to the LGBT community and cater to their tastes.

An extension of this culture is nightclubs and lounges like the Miami Nightclubs and other places. These places are for the hardcore party lovers who simply love the ambience in a nightclub and love the kind of heavy music that is played in these regions. Some party lovers, when visiting other cities, search for reviews of the poplar lounges there and spend time in researching about the Nightlife in Los Angeles or other places. So much so that online reviews of night lounges and bars have become highly sought after by frequent visitors.

Nightclub reviews have become a popular topic online. Most people share their experiences to the last detail and include even the names of the bar tenders who were kind to them by offering a few drinks on the house to them. If you google up Las Vegas nightclub reviews chances are that you will land on an article written by someone who has visited a lot many nightclubs in that region and has written about them as well. So people just search for reviews online and then decide which bar to hang out in. The internet has well and truly changed even the way we hang out!

Space nightclub in Miami

Great place where you can relax and have fun with your family or with friends, spend a romantic evening and a date for a glass of cognac or a business meeting over a cup of coffee.

During the day relaxing and positive atmosphere in the club in the restaurant conveys an easy, fun Latin American music, the interior is decorated with various carvings of Cuban, Brazilian, Mexican craftsmen and artists.

In the evening, our little piece of Latin America in the Space nightclub at Miami Beach wrapped hot wind and the south at night, burning passion and gentle guitar busting. And during sports broadcasts of football and hockey you can cheer on the USA national team.

The nightclub "Space" is also working on individual orders. Here, you arrange a private party or corporate events. You can rent, not all but only part of the premises, and to celebrate her birthday here, or to meet old friends. At your disposal not only the main restaurant menu, but also offer special banquet, and an original menu for the buffet tables. And of course for those responsible for celebration gifts and discounts.

Chicago Sound Bar

Chicago Sound Bar - this is the first in the Chicago nightclub, which opened its doors in long time ago.

Since then, 24 hours a day we are engaged in the transformation of traditional supply of cocktails in an enchanting and exciting show. Every day we receive hundreds of visitors not only to admire the virtuoso performance of our bartenders, but also to evaluate the taste of cocktails created by them. Even so uncomplicated classics like "Blood Mary" becomes a "subject" unique taste and appearance.

After two or three drinks from our extensive menu where classic and mixed drinks of their own invention Dan hawk, world champion in Barmen art, but at the same time managing partner can move on the dance floor and continue the night's dancing. Total infectiously fun ... and who knows, maybe you conquer the capital of sensual dancing on the bar or decide to exchange your tie for a free drink at the bar.

Thirsting for more relaxing pastime, in the presence of a lower hall with comfortable leather sofas. Pours from the speakers relaxing music create the perfect backdrop for a tighter dating with a bar card.

PartyRegistry.Com

Nice to meet you ... PartyRegistry.Com!

Party Registry - a new style of communication between men and women. Here, people meet eye to eye, smile at each other, dance, drink wine and, of course, flirting. Modern flirt - it's easy to drive and this is what gives the relationship between man and woman a special intonation. This is the mood, thanks to which you are successful and good luck.

Already legendary club parties flirting captured the minds of many residents of large cities. Considering employment, the lack of an enabling environment for open contacts and meetings, we've done for you Fleer-party Party Registry. Now you do not need to conduct a long search through the dating sites and marriage agencies. You do not have to waste time, replacing a night club to others. Now you just come on a romantic club parties "Party Registry, where new acquaintances occur easily and naturally.

About Us

Party Registry created in Miami, the concept of "nightclub party". Nightclub party - is not just a singles night, this well-organized environment. Nightclub party - a place where men and women really familiar. We made sure that the party would be on the club you feel comfortable, and dating and flirting you happy.

Nightclub parties Party Registry attend an equal number of men and women. You will get acquainted with many members of the opposite sex in the atmosphere have lots of fun and merriment. At our parties flirting is present from 90 to 120 guests.

Club nights singles Party Registry - it's just like going to the movies. We help people who love themselves and appreciate their time. What we do - it is easy and functional.

ABOUT YOU

We are pleased to those who seek a romantic relationship, and suggests to buy a real clubbing, and those who simply decided to spend time and socialize in a pleasant atmosphere. You are open to the unpredictability of life with its unexpected surprises!

How to get on Party Registry?

Our singles flirt party held at trendy nightclubs of New York, Miami,  Chicago, Boston and Los Angeles. Invitation to the club quick singles that you order, delivered at convenient for you to address and give out hand to hand. We try to make your evening romantic clubbing was nice.

We wish you a successful clubbing, parting and new joy in life!